Leaf Sensor technology has been developed by AgriHouse and University of Colorado that allows plants to communicate with humans about their water needs. This innovative new agriculture technology will save water and energy resources for farmers. The leaf sensor technology is funded and sponsored by the NASA and the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Vertical farms allow cultivation at latitudes incompatible with certain crops such as the desert or arctic. Vertical systems allow farmers to extend the latitude range on which crops can be grown on the planet, from the deserts of Dubai to the 4-hour winter days of Iceland. If you were to grow crops on Mars you would need to use this kind of technology because there is no soil.